Module 33 - A317a

A317a: Understanding User Needs for CCTV Systems Based on NTCIP 1205 Standard

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Slide 1:

(Extended Text Description: Slide 1: Welcome - Graphic image of introductory slide. A large dark blue rectangle with a wide, light grid pattern at the top half and bands of dark and lighter blue bands below. There is a white square ITS logo box with words “Standards ITS Training” in green and blue on the middle left side. The word “Welcome” in white is to the right of the logo. Under the logo box are the words “RITA Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office.”)

Slide 2:

Welcome

Ken Leonard, Director

ITS Joint Program Office

Ken.Leonard@dot.gov

(Extended Text Description: Intro Slide: Screen capture snapshot of RITA website - for illustration only. Below this image is a link to the current website: http://www.pcb.its.dot.gov - this screen capture snapshot shows an example from the RITA website from April 2013. At the top of the page it shows the RITA logo with the text U.S. Department of Transportation Research and Innovative Technology Administration - Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office - ITS Professional Capacity Building Program/Advanced ITS Education. Below the main site banner, it shows the main navigation menu with the following items: About, ITS Training, Knowledge Exchange, Technology Transfer, ITS in Academics, and Media Library. Below the main navigation menu, the page shows various content of the website, including a graphic image of professionals seated in a room during a training program. A text overlay has the text Welcome to ITS Professional Capacity Building. Additional content on the page includes a box entitled What's New and sections entitled Available E-Training (free), Free ITS Training and T3 Webinars. Again, this image serves for illustration only. The current website link is: http://www.pcb.its.dot.gov)

www.pcb.its.dot.gov

(Note: There is additional text attached to this slide that includes the following introductory information from Ken Leonard):

"ITS Standards can make your life easier. Your procurements will go more smoothly and you’ll encourage competition, but only if you know how to write them into your specifications and test them. This module is one in a series that covers practical applications for acquiring and testing standards-based ITS systems.

I am Ken Leonard, director of the ITS Joint Program Office for USDOT and I want to welcome you to our newly redesigned ITS standards training program of which this module is a part. We are pleased to be working with our partner, the Institute of Transportation Engineers, to deliver this new approach to training that combines web based modules with instructor interaction to bring the latest in ITS learning to busy professionals like yourself.

This combined approach allows interested professionals to schedule training at your convenience, without the need to travel. After you complete this training, we hope that you will tell colleagues and customers about the latest ITS standards and encourage them to take advantage of the archived version of the webinars.

ITS Standards training is one of the first offerings of our updated Professional Capacity Training Program. Through the PCB program we prepare professionals to adopt proven and emerging ITS technologies that will make surface transportation safer, smarter and greener which improves livability for us all. You can find information on additional modules and training programs on our web site www.pcb.its.dot.gov

Please help us make even more improvements to our training modules through the evaluation process. We look forward to hearing your comments. Thank you again for participating and we hope you find this module helpful."

Slide 3:

Slide 4:

A317a:

Understanding User Needs for CCTV Systems Based on NTCIP 1205 Standard

Slide 5:

Instructor

Raman K. Patel, Ph.D., P.E.

President

RK Patel Associates, Inc. New York City, NY, USA

Slide 6:

Target Audience

• Engineering staff
• Traffic Management Center (TMC)/operations staff
• System developers
• Private and public sector users
• Traveler and other information service providers

Slide 7:

Recommended Prerequisite(s)

I101 Using ITS Standards: An Overview

A101 Introduction to Acquiring Standards-based ITS Systems

A102 Introduction to User Needs Identification

A103 Introduction to ITS Standards Requirements Development

A201 Details On Acquiring Standards-based ITS Systems

A202 Identifying and Writing User Needs When ITS Standards Do Not Have SEP Content

A203 Writing Requirements When ITS Standards Do Not Have SE Content

C101 Introduction to the Communications Protocols and their Uses in ITS Applications

Slide 8:

Curriculum Path (Non-SEP)

(Extended Text Description: A graphical illustration indicating the sequence of training modules for the standards that include Systems Engineering Process content is presented. Each module is represented by a box with the name of the module in it and an arrow showing the logical flow of the modules and the current module highlighted. The first box is labeled “I101 Using ITS Standards: An Overview.” An arrow from this box connects it to a highlighted box labeled “A101 Introduction to Acquiring Standards-based ITS Systems,” representing this module. An arrow from this box connects it to a box labeled “A102 Introduction to User Needs Identification.” An arrow from this box connects it to a box located at the start of the next line labeled “A201 Details on Acquiring Standards-based ITS Systems.” An arrow from this box connects it to a box labeled “A202 Understanding and Writing User Needs when ITS Standards Do Not Have SEP Content and an arrow connects to the box labeled as “C101 Introduction to Communications Protocols and their Uses in ITS Applications. An arrow from this box connects to “A317a: Understanding User Needs for CCTV Systems Based on NTCIP 1205 Standard”, followed by “A317b: Understanding requirements for CCTV Systems Based on NTCIP 1205 Standard”. From this box an arrow connects to the last box labeled as T317 “Applying Your Test Plan for NTCIP 1205 standard”.)

Slide 9:

Learning Objective #1

SEP Content in ITS Standards Helps

Identify User Needs and Requirements

(Extended Text Description: On the left side of the side a graphical representation of Specification Development with a arrow pointing down labeleved Decomposition and Definition, which included Concepts of Operations, Requirements and Design shown as three separate parts and on the right three green arrows with corresponding text; Concepts of Operations, Requirements and Design Details are shown. The column on the right is entitled Typically they Provide with an arrow leading to General, Concepts of Operations, Requirements Design Details and Annexes. Author's notes: The diagram conveys that the SEP based ITS standards, we get ConOps, requirements and design.)

Slide 10:

Learning Objective #1

Non-SEP Based ITS Standards More Difficult to Use

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: The diagram shown on this slide conveys that the Non-SEP based ITS standards; we do not get ConOps, requirements, only design. On the left side a red line square covers over ConOps and requirements parts with phrase HELP, meaning that for Non-SEP based ITS standards we need help as only design details are provided. (An arrow from design details point to design part on left.))

Slide 11:

Learning Objectives

1. Review the structure of the NTCIP 1205 CCTV standard
2. Identify CCTV system-specific operational needs
3. Identify and write well-formed user needs for CCTV system
4. Evaluate conformance to the CCTV standard

Slide 12:

Learning Objective #1 — Review the structure of the NTCIP 1205 CCTV standard

• Definition of a CCTV System
• The NTCIP Family of Standards
• Purpose of the NTCIP 1205 Standard
• Components of the NTCIP 1205 Standard
• What is offered by the standard?
• What is not offered by the standard? What users must do?

Slide 13:

Learning Objective #1

Definition of a Closed Circuit Television

(CCTV) System

• Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is defined as an installation of directly connected cameras creating a circuit that cannot be viewed by anybody outside of this circuit
• CCTV System is defined as one that includes a closed circuit, camera unit(s), monitoring station, and video display wall

(Extended Text Description: The slide shows an outside rectangular line boundary that surrounds two photos; a TMC photo on the left corner and a camera photo on the right corner. Both photos are then interconnected with a red rectangular line that passes through photos to show a close circuit. This diagram conveys that a CCTV closed circuit is thus formed between a camera and a TMC and images can be seen only by those within the circuit. [The purpose is to differentiate how a CCTV circuit is different than a commercial broadcasting video image that can be seen by anyone with a receiver]. )

Photo Source: NYSDOT

Slide 14:

Learning Objective #1

Components of a CCTV System (Typical)

(Extended Text Description: These slide show two photos: one on left is a TMC and one on right is a camera installed on a high pole in the highway median. Both are connected with communications medium such as leased or shared network. On the left is the title Central Location with the bullets Monitoring Station, Video Wall and Video Switching Device. Below in the center is the title Communications with the bullets Leased circuits and Shared network. On the right is the title Field Location with the bullets Cameras with Lens, Pan/Tilt Assembly and Receiver. Source: NYSDOT for each photo.)

Slide 15:

Learning Objective #1

Camera Control Architecture

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: A block diagram of camera control architecture is shown with two-headed arrow from a Traffic Management system (TMS) on left to a camera control receiver on the right (located in the field). A one way arrow from camera control receiver goes to a box labeled as Camera Lens and Pan/Tilt/Zoom Assembly; a proprietary data link. (NTCIP is not concerned with this part).)

Source: NTCIP 1205 CCTV Standard, page 2-6, partial content shown

Slide 16:

Learning Objective #1

Camera Control Terminology

See Student Supplement for Definitions

1. Camera
2. Camera Lens
3. Camera Control Receiver (Unit)
4. Analog camera
5. Digital camera
6. Decoder
7. Pan-Tilt-Zoom
8. IRIS
9. Auto-Focus
10. Zones
11. Presets
12. Labeling

Slide 17:

Learning Objective #1

NTCIP Family

• NTCIP: a family of standards for the ITS industry
  • Information Level standards relate to data to be exchanged
  • Underlying protocol standards relate to how data is exchanged
• NTCIP 1205 CCTV standard is an Information Level standard that supports CCTV system for traffic management applications

Slide 18:

Learning Objective #1

NTCIP Framework

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: A graphic of the communication levels of the NTCIP standards. The bottom level is the Plant Level and includes boxes for Dial-up, Fiber, Coax, Wireless, Twisted Pair, and Leased Line. The next higher level is called the Subnetwork Level and includes PPP, Ethernet, and PMPP. The next level is called the Transport Level and includes TCP/IP, UDP/IP, and T2/NULL. The next level is called the Application Level and includes C2C XML, DATEX, FTP, TFTP, SNMP, and STMP. The next level is called the Information Level and includes C2C Messages, Files, Data Objects, and Dynamic Objects. These boxes are connected to an overarching box also in the Information Level labeled Functional Area Data Dictionaries with the left hand side identifying C2C Data Dictionaries and the right hand side labeled NTCIP Data Dictionaries. On the right side corner there is a vertical text box that reads NTCIP 1201 Global Objects and NTCIP 1205 CCTV Camera control which points to Information Level Data Dictionaries and underneath arrow points to SNMP at Application level. This is shown to empathize where these standards are located.)

Source: NTCIP Guide

Slide 19:

Learning Objective #1

Purpose of the NTCIP 1205 CCTV Standard

• To support the overall traffic management operational needs the standard provides CCTV objects (data) definitions for remote capability for:
  • Configuring the CCTV device
  • Monitoring the CCTV device operation
  • Controlling camera position, auto-focus of the lens, Iris, and other functions
  • Retrieving images-data (Live data and Off-line Logged data)

Slide 20:

Learning Objective #1

Example: CCTV System Operation

System Operator Obtains Detailed Information of an Area with the Remote Control Capability and Uses that Information to Determine Response

(Extended Text Description: This slide shows multiple images of CCTV system operation that covers areas of the New York City to illustrate how remote control capability is deployed at TMC. At the bottom right side, a small map of the street details is shown. This example conveys how TMC uses the information to make management decisions.)

Source: NYCDOT-TMS

Slide 21:

Learning Objective #1

Where and How NTCIP 1205 fits into CCTV System Procurement

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: The slide shows four components connected with one way arrows. A V diagram with a circle covering ConOps and Detailed design is shown on the top right side. An arrow coming out of this V is linked to the title page of NTCIP 1205 standard shown on left side. A one way arrow goes to a text box labeled “Standard does not provide user needs and requirements; but design solutions”. A final arrow is shown going to a text box labeled as “CCTV System Project specification”.)

Slide 22:

Learning Objective #1

What Should be in a CCTV Specification?

Identify and write description of what the interface must do to support operations (features-functions)

Develop and Write (in "shall" language) specific functional requirements to satisfy user needs

Map standard-supplied design concepts-solutions (objects) to fulfill the project requirements

(Extended Text Description: A graphical image representing a document with the label User Needs, Requirements and Design Solutions.)

Slide 23:

Learning Objective #1

Benefits of NTCIP 1205 CCTV Standard

Facilitates ITS deployments, eliminates need for proprietary solutions

(Extended Text Description: Benefits are explained with the graphic on the slide that shows a work station on the left side, with a two way arrow on right. A text box is connected to the first arrow to a text “Easier system Expansion” which is connected to a two way arrow to a box below with the text "Consistent control interface with the central system, allowing more cameras". A CCTV photo is connected to text “Remote management capability” on the right.)

Slide 24:

Learning Objective #1

Benefits of NTCIP 1205 CCTV Standard (cont.)

(Extended Text Description: Same as above slide: a text box is connected to the text at top “Benefit of Industry Standard”-with two-way arrow and text at bottom to the text "Establishes a common understanding of ITS CCTV system features, with a two way arrow to another box below that with the text "Agencies originate needs, developers build ITS systems, and vendors supply products, all are beneficiaries." A photo of multiple cameras mounted on pole to text ‘Multiple Vendors Competitive Market”.)

Slide 25:

Learning Objective #1

The Outcomes: Compatibility, Interoperability, and Interchangeability

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: In this slide the TMC work station is connected with arrows to hardware graphics; a controller, a blank sign, a CCTV camera. NTCIP communications provide compatibility and devices interoperability, and interchangeability of camera replacement.)

Slide 26:

Learning Objective #1

Structure of the NTCIP 1205 CCTV Standard

These sections provide general information about a CCTV system

Section 1 CCTV Overview

• Benefits
• CCTV system

Section 2 General

• References, Terms

Annex A Extended Glossary

Slide 27:

Learning Objective #1

Structure of the NTCIP 1205 CCTV Standard

These sections provide CCTV system design solutions:

Section 3 CCTV MIB

• Management Information Base lists CCTV objects by functions they serve

Section 4 Conformance

• Lists Conformance Groups and Conformance Statement

Slide 28:

Learning Objective #1

What is offered by the NTCIP 1205 standard?

Current standard offers the following:

1. A single design for each of the anticipated user needs related to the camera operation
2. Management Information Base (MIB) contains object definitions to support undocumented user needs

Slide 29:

Learning Objective #1

What is offered by the NTCIP 1205 standard? (cont.)

3. Standard defines a Conformance Group (CG) as a grouping of related objects to perform a function or functions:
   • CCTV Configuration
   • Extended Functions
   • Motion Control
   • On-Screen Menu-Control
4. Standard contains the Conformance Statement to evaluate conformance to the NTCIP 1205 standard and some cases to the NTCIP 1201 standard.

Slide 30:

Learning Objective #1

What is not offered by the NTCIP 1205

Standard?

• Standard does not define user needs and their associated requirements to the NTCIP 1205 design
• Agencies must first identify and then write user needs for the acquisition process
• Lack of documented user needs in the specification may lead to "guess-work" and affect interoperability and vendor-independence

Slide 31:

Learning Objective #1

What is not offered by the NTCIP 1205 standard? (cont.)

• Video formats to facilitate transmission and storage of images are NOT covered by the standard.
  • Industry (and Internet) based standards are used:

  Examples:

  • MPEG-4 (Moving Pictures Expert Group)
  • H.264 (AVC-Advanced Video Coding): video conferencing
  • ONVF (Open Network Video Interface Forum): IP video
• Agency CCTV specification must include required formats. (More in Supplement and A317b Module)

Slide 32:

Slide 33:

Learning Objective #1

Which of the following applies to the NTCIP 1205 standard?

Answer Choices

1. Supports video signal compressions formats
2. Provides CCTV system design objects
3. Provides documented CCTV user needs
4. Provides documented CCTV requirements

Slide 34:

Learning Objective #1

Review of answers

a) Supports video signal compressions formats
Incorrect, because video signal compression formats such as H264 and ONVF are supported by the Internet and industry standards, not by NTCIP.

b) Provides CCTV system design objects
Correct, because standard does provide objects.

c) Provides documented CCTV user needs
Incorrect, because CCTV user needs are not documented by NTCIP 1205 Standard.

d) Provides documented CCTV requirements
Incorrect, because CCTV requirements are not documented by NTCIP 1205 Standard.

Slide 35:

Summary of Learning Objective #1

Understand the structure of the NTCIP 1205 CCTV standard

• Defined a CCTV system
• Reviewed the NTCIP family of standards and benefits
• Reviewed the structure of the NTCIP 1205 and key components
• Realize that CCTV system user needs are not documented and we must identify and write them
• Know that video formats are needed but they are not covered by this standard

Slide 36:

Learning Objective #2 — Identify CCTV Specific Operational Needs

• What are your operational needs?
• How does the CCTV standard cover operational needs for traffic management applications?

Slide 37:

Learning Objective #2

CCTV-Specific Operational Needs

• Concept of Operations (ConOps) Reveals the "Big Picture"
  • Who are the stakeholders?
  • What are the operational scenarios?
  • What are the user needs?
  • Are there any regional aspects?
  • We have discussed ConOps in Module A202

Source: Transcom

Slide 38:

Learning Objective #2

CCTV-Specific Operational Needs (cont.)

• Institutional Policies
  • Policy on sharing video images with regional partners or private sector service providers (video feeds)
  • Shared control of cameras with pre-assigned priorities, an aspect of regional architecture
  • Service (Market) packages from regional architecture may require specific video surveillance capabilities:
    • "Roadway Subsystem" and "Security Monitoring Subsystem"

Slide 39:

Learning Objective #2

Illustration: Video Surveillance

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: This slide shows a graphic of a video service package for traffic management. On the right a red rectangular covers the roadway to highlight traffic images produced by cameras. On the left side traffic images are shown as shared with other MTCs. This slide points out how ITS Architecture has anticipated use of Video Surveillance between subsystems‐centers, roadways and other centers such as emergency management is shown on the left. The right side box shows how we have placed a focus on TMC role of images production with camera device in the field.)

Slide 40:

Learning Objective #2

Example: Common Purpose and Shared ameras and Control

• Traffic and emergency management centers through mutual agreements share each others camera images and may control cameras within a jurisdiction for traffic and emergency coordination.

Source: Transcom

Slide 41:

Learning Objective #2

CCTV-Specific Operational Needs (cont.)

• General Purposes of CCTV Systems:
  • Traffic surveillance
  • Congestion monitoring
  • Incident detection and verification
  • Public/media information
  • Managing weather/disaster emergency
  • Infrastructure security

Slide 42:

Learning Objective #2

What does Caltrans use the CCTV for?

" The primary uses for the cameras are:

1. To provide motorists visual verification of weather and traffic conditions to make informed travel decisions.
2. To provide Caltrans visual information to improve response to traffic and/or weather related incidents on the highways."

Source: Frequently Asked Questions http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist2/cctv/faqs.htm

Slide 43:

Learning Objective #2

Example: Perspective on CCTV Operations

Virginia Department of Transportation Vision for CCTV

......Camera System will provide Traffic Management Center

(TMC) operators with the ability to detect incidents, verify incident information, and monitor traffic conditions on VDOT roadways. CCTV images will be shared with regional and statewide stakeholders to improve interagency coordination. Additionally video images depicting real-time roadway conditions will be available to the motoring public.

Source: VDOT Northern Region Operations CCTV Concept of Operations

Slide 44:

Learning Objective #2

Example: Operational Need Verify Traffic Conditions-Normal Operation

Observing "what is happening" in real-time

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: On the left a photo of I-10 Tunnel is shown and on the right a map of surrounding area in Phoenix is shown with camera locations.)

Images: Arizona Department of Transportation

Slide 45:

Learning Objective #2

Example: Multi-Agencies' Visual System

Simultaneous real-time viewing of images aids agencies to prepare a coordinated response

Specifically, detailed-zoomed information helps each agency decide what to do.

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: Four images are lumped to show integrated approach with camera based visual system. A vehicle-based digital camera takes pictures of the scene and transmits in real-time to multiple agencies in the region using GPS and GIS technologies. )

Source: New York State Department of Transportation

Slide 46:

Slide 47:

Learning Objective #2

Which of the following is NOT a true statement related to traffic management?

Answer Choices

1. TMC typically performs assessment of traffic conditions
2. TMC typically shares incident information with other centers in the region
3. TMC does not share camera images with the public either indirectly or through travel information
4. Operational needs are part of the ConOps

Slide 48:

Learning Objective #2

Review of answers

a) TMC typically performs assessment of traffic conditions
Incorrect, because the statement is true.

b) TMC typically gathers detailed information during an accident
Incorrect, because the statement is true.

c) TMC does not share camera images with the public either indirectly or through travel information
Correct, agencies do share camera images with the public directly on the Internet or through travel information.

d) Operational needs are part of the ConOps
Incorrect, the statement is true.

Slide 49:

Learning Objective #2

Example: Incident Verification with Camera

• TMC needs to first verify an incident in order to ensure that the incident is real and confirm reported conditions at the location, prior to response.

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: This diagram indicates verification and response process of the incident management. )

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: The slide shows a photo of an overturned truck lying in the soft shoulder grass area and a tow truck on the scene. The main point of this example is that an incident is verified using CCTV camera capability prior to sending a response to the scene.)

Source: FHWA IM Handbook 2000

Slide 50:

Learning Objective #2

Example: Archiving Video Images for Research and Training

• Agency gathers video images obtained during major emergencies and make them available (archived) for incident research studies and training exercises to improve standard operating procedures (SOPs)

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: A photo of a truck exposed with its fuel tank is shown with two first responders on scene trying to make a way for the truck by cutting the median guard rail.)

Source: NYPD

Slide 51:

Learning Objective #2

Example: Sharing Live Video Images with the Public

• Agencies do share video images with the public either "live" or post at a web site for retrieval, within the stated policy.

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: Photo shows a portion of Caltran’s web page for live cameras.)

Source: Caltran

Slide 52:

Learning Objective #2

NTCIP 1205 CCTV Standard Supports Operational Needs

• Standard supports the communications interface with the CCTV system by providing "objects" and deploying underlying protocols to exchange data.
• Learning from the other standards, we have identified generic user needs applicable to CCTV system operational environment:
  • Live data exchange with cameras
  • Off-line data retrieval from cameras

Slide 53:

Learning Objective #2

Live Data Exchange with CCTV Standard

• Live data exchange with the camera control unit and data requests:
  • Configure a CCTV device (parameters)
  • Monitor a CCTV device (conditions)
  • Control a camera control unit (functions, positioning, etc.)

Slide 54:

Learning Objective #2

Off-Line Data Exchange with CCTV Standard

• Off-line (Logged) Data Exchange:
  • Addresses operational environments without always-on connections (e.g., loss of communication to a camera)
  • Define conditions to place data into a log (e.g. Dome cameras-IP network cameras)
  • Logging is important for situations without communications or when recording intermittent data

Slide 55:

Summary of Learning Objective #2

Identify CCTV Specific Operational Needs

• Reviewed CCTV-specific operational needs
• Reviewed the standard's support in traffic management operations by providing remote management of field devices and controls

Slide 56:

Learning Objective #3 — Identify and Write Well-Formed User Needs for a CCTV System

• How to identify major desired capabilities
• How to use the generic Extraction Process to derive user needs from the NTCIP 1205 standard
• Write well-formed CCTV user needs

Slide 57:

Learning Objective #3

What is a User Need?

• Describes the major desired capability (MDC) and captures its intent.
• Addresses the question: "Why is this capability operationally important to the user?"
• A system should not be procured or built without first knowing what the system is expected to do and the problem it addresses.
• User needs help to assess/validate if a system does what the user wants it to do.

Slide 58:

Learning Objective #3

Identifying User Needs Locations on "V" Model

(Extended Text Description: Text is given explains first V diagram and then the relevance of current slide. Explanation of V Diagram - A graphic of the systems engineering process (SEP) is shown. The main graphic of the SEP is a V-shaped diagram with some additional horizontal “wings” on the left and right side of the top of the V. Starting from the left “wing” the steps are regional architecture, needs assessment, concept selection, project planning, and systems engineering management planning. At this point the steps begin to descend the left side of the V with concept of operations, system requirements, high-level design, detailed design, and software hardware and field installation. At this point the steps begin to ascend the right side of the V with unit device testing, subsystem verification, system verification and deployment, system validation, and operations and maintenance. At this point the steps are on the right “wing” of the V with changes and upgrades and retirement/replacement. The following arrows supplement the figure: 1. A time line at the bottom of the figure indicating that all steps proceed over time with the steps forming the V overlapping one another. 2. A downward arrow on the left side of the V that indicates that these steps deal with decomposition and definition. 3. An upward arrow on the right side of the V that indicates that these steps deal with integration. 4. A horizontal arrow near the bottom of the center of the V that connects the detailed design step to the unit testing step. 5. A horizontal arrow a little higher that connects the subsystem requirements step with the subsystem verification step. 6. A horizontal arrow a little higher that connects the system requirements step with the system verification step. 7. A horizontal arrow near the top of the V that connects the concept of operations step with the system validation step. Finally, major steps are separated by a barrier that is labeled “document approval.” The above described graphical view of SEP life cycle process used to show where user needs are located. In this slide, at the top of the Vee, there are three boxes in yellow. The first box is Multiple Stakeholders Needs Assessed and points to Regional Architecture on Vee. Second box marked as Operational Problem Solving and Agreement points to Concept of operations on the Vee, and last one is marked as Reassessment Gaps-New Needs and points to Operations and Maintenance which is on the right top of Vee. A red circle covers ConOps (user needs) and System Validation.)

Slide 59:

Slide 60:

Learning Objective #3

The NTCIP 1205 CCTV standard does not provide the documented user needs for the acquisition process.

What is the Best Source of User Needs?

Answer Choices

1. Traffic Management Concept of Operations
2. Regional ITS Architecture
3. Standard Documentation
4. All of the above sources

Slide 61:

Learning Objective #3

Review of answers

a) Traffic Management ConOps
Incorrect, because exploring the ConOps is an important source, but partially true.

b) Regional ITS Architecture
Incorrect, because architecture is a framework-only partial source.

c) Standard Documentation
Incorrect, because standard offers ONLY design solutions, but not sufficient from users' perspective.

d) All of the above sources
Correct, because all of the above sources have links to user needs and assessment of each will ensure our purpose to identify user needs.

Slide 62:

Learning Objective #3

What is a Major Desired Capability (MDC)?

• What will be required from the system to address a user need?
  • Example: Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) is a major capability delivered by a CCTV system
• MDC can be extracted from the CCTV standard through Conformance Groups.

Slide 63:

Learning Objective #3

Extracting a Major Desired Capability from the CCTV Standard

(Extended Text Description: The slide has three colored boxes in a diagonal descending order: READ (in green), RECOGNIZE (in read) and INFER (in purple). One way blue arrow from READ to RECOGNIZE and another from RECOGNIZE to INFER. The words Conformance Groups and CCTV MIB (70 Objects) appears to the right of the READ box. The words Categories of Functions they Represent appears to the right of the RECOGNIZE box. The words Major Desired Capability (MDC) appears to the right of the INFER box. A small one-way blue arrow points down from these last words to the words Write User Needs. An inset box contains the list 1. CCTV Configuration 2. Extended Functions 3. Motion Control 4. On-screen Menu.)

Slide 64:

Learning Objective #3

Example: Extracting a Capability from the CCTV Configuration Conformance Group

(Extended Text Description: The slide has three colored boxes in a diagonal descending order: READ (in green), RECOGNIZE (in red) and INFER (in purple). One way blue arrow points from READ to RECOGNIZE and another from RECOGNIZE to INFER. The words Select, CCTV Configuration Group appears to the right of the READ box. The words Examine listed objects for presets, position PTZ, and position Lens paramters parametersrangeMaximumPreset appears to the right of the RECOGNIZE box. The words Infer an Integer-number as MDC, say 32 presets Desired by a TMC appears next to the INFER box.)

Slide 65:

Learning Objective #3

Example: Extracting a Capability from the Motion Control Conformance Group

(Extended Text Description: The slide has three colored boxes in diagonal descending order: READ (in green), RECOGNIZE (in red) and INFER (in purple). One way blue arrow points from READ to RECOGNIZE and another from RECOGNIZE to INFER. The words Selcte, Motion Control Configuration Group appears to the right of the READ box. The words Examine listed objects for listing of presets and position objects presetGotoPosition appears to the right of the RECOGNIZE box. The words TMC Operator has a capability to jump to a camera position at a pre-selected location appears to the right of the INFER box.)

Slide 66:

Learning Objective #3

Extracting a Major Desired Capability

(Extended Text Description: This diagram has a header Multiple Conformance Groups. To the left the words MDC Auto-Focus of Lens has a dividing one way arrow. The upper arrow points to the words CCTV Configuration; the lower points to Extended Functions. CCTV Configuration has a dividing one way arrow. The upper arrow leads to the phrase Object 1, the lower arrow points to Object 2. Extended Functions has a triple dividing arrow. The upper arrow points to Object 3, the middle arrow points to Object 4, and the lower arrow points to Object 5. There is a one-way arrow points down to the words "The operator has a need to remotely adjust the auto-focus of the camera lens, status, and confirmation.")

Slide 67:

Learning Objective #3

Example of an MDC: "Auto-Focus"

(Extended Text Description: The slide has three colored boxes in a diagonal descending order: READ (in green), RECOGNIZE (in red) and INFER (in purple). One way blue arrow points from READ to RECOGNIZE and another from RECOGNIZE to INFER. The words Select, CCTV Configuration and Extended Functions Group appears to the right of the READ box. The words Examine Objects (5 required) 1. rangeFocusLimit 2. timeoutFocus 3. systemLensFeatureControl 4. systemLensStatus 5. systemLensEquiped. The words MDC: Operator has a need to adjust lens for near-far view for details appears to the right of the INFER box.)

Slide 68:

Learning Objective #3

(Extended Text Description: This text diagram has the header Example: Exploring Conformance Groups for User Need with a small yellow arrow pointing down to an inset box with the words "TMC Operator has a need to focus camera automatically from near to far limits within 50-500ms interval, activate-deactivitate lens components, and check lens status and availability." To the left of the inset box, there are words in blue CCTV Configuration CG - rangeFocusLimit - timeoutFocus. Underneath there are words in red Extended Functions CG - systemLensFeatureControl - systemLensStatus - systemLensEquiped.)

Slide 69:

Learning Objective #3

Writing a Well-Formed User Need

• Criteria for Writing a Well-formed User Need
  1. Uniquely identifiable (Give it a structure)
  2. Identifies one or more major desired capabilities (what functions-features)
  3. Solution-free (don't get into a design)
  4. Captures rationale (Why do we need it? )

Slide 70:

Learning Objective #3

Example: Need to Configure a CCTV Device

(Extended Text Description: This text diagram has the header UN 1: Configure a CCTV Device, with the words underneath A TMC operator with access to a management station has a need to retrieve information about the configuration of the CCTV device to properly communicate with the device. The controlling entity may also need to alter the configuration to produce expected operations. The term ID is at the bottom with a curved one-way arrow pointing up to the header. The term MDC is at the bottom with a curved one-way arrow pointing to "need to retrieve information." The term Rationale is at the bottom with a curved one-way arrow pointing to "communcate with." The term Solution-free is at the bottom with a curved one-way arrow pointing to "the device.")

Slide 71:

Learning Objective #3

Example: Need to Share Video Images

UN-2: Need to Share Video Images

An agency has a need to share video images with regional stakeholders (state and local DOTs, police, fire and rescue) and upon request allow control of cameras to approved entities for interagency coordination needed during traffic and emergency management.

(Extended Text Description: The following terms each appear in a box adjacent to each other: Uniquely Identifiable, Rationale, Major Desired Capability (MDC), Solution-free.)

Slide 72:

Learning Objective #3

Example: Need to Control Camera

UN-3: Need to Control Camera in the Field

A TMC operator has a need to control and monitor cameras from main facility or backup TMC for gathering information in normal and emergency operations.

Slide 73:

Learning Objective #3

Example: Special Need-Camera Tour

UN-4: Need to Set-Up a Camera Tour

A TMC (supervisor-induced) has a need to enable a built-in "camera tour" automatically for multiple times during the day/night operation.

Slide 74:

Learning Objective #3

Example: Zones

UN-5: Need to Set-Up Zones

An agency has a need to configure definable zones, within Pan-Tilt limits, identifiable with a pre-programed text message display to allow operator to gain overlapping view of a region.

(Extended Text Description: Author's relevant description for this slide: A portion of a map labeled as Pearl City is shown with C as camera locations at 13 different points on the map.)

C-Camera Location

Source: http://www1.honolulu.gov/cameras/pearlcity/index.htm

Slide 75:

Slide 76:

Learning Objective #3

Which of the following is a well-formedCCTV user need?

Answer Choices

1. The TMC operator has a need for 64 presets.
2. The CCTV system must allow for 0-360 degree Panning.
3. The CCTV system must provide for up to 100 labels.
4. The TMC operator has a need for monitoring current value of the temperature in the camera enclosure for proper operation.

Slide 77:

Learning Objective #3

Review of answers

a) The TMC operator has a need for 64 presets.
Incorrect, because 64 presets is a specific requirement-a solution.

b) The CCTV system must allow for 0-360 degree Panning.
Incorrect, because it contains a specific range of solution and lacks rationale.

c) The CCTV system must provide for up to 100 labels.
Incorrect, because it contains a specific range of solution-a requirement.

d) The TMC operator has a need for monitoring current value of the temperature in the camera enclosure for proper operation
Correct, because it contains MDC, has a rationale and it is solution free.

Slide 78:

Summary of Learning Objective #3

Identify and Write Well-Formed User Needs for CCTV System

• Reviewed the process to identify major desired capabilities
• Generic Extraction Process to derive user needs from the NTCIP 1205 standard is reviewed
• Discussed the criteria for writing a well-formed CCTV user need and some examples

Slide 79:

Learning Objective #4 — Evaluate conformance to the CCTV standard

• What are the minimum conformance requirements?

Slide 80:

Learning Objective #4

Conformance Group

• Conformance group (CG) is a basic unit of conformance to the CCTV standard
• CG is either Mandatory or Optional
• Section 4 of the NTCIP 1205, provides summary of the support conformance requirements (page 4-1)

Slide 81:

Learning Objective #4

Conformance Statement

• Lists Required Conformance Groups

Conformance Group	Conformance Requirement
NTCIP 1205 v01
CCTV Configuration	Mandatory
Extended Functions	Optional
Motion Control	Optional
On-screen Menu Control	Optional
NTCIP 1201 v03.15 has Global Objects Definitions	Some objects are made Mandatory

Slide 82:

Learning Objective #4

Evaluating Conformance to NTCIP 1205 Standard

• Conformance Statement Guides which CGs are to be selected by the project:
  • Mandatory conformance groups must be selected to conform
  • Optional conformance groups may be selected by the project
• If the project user needs process does not map to these items (CGs and the mandatory objects they contain), it may suggest an incomplete process

Slide 83:

Learning Objective #4

Example "CCTV Configuration" Conformance Group

NTCIP 1205, page 4-2

Each Mandatory object must map to a user need.

(Extended Text Description: The table shown on the slide is included below. The last column, Conformance Requirement Within the Group, is circled in red:

Object or Table Name	Reference	Conformance Requirement Within the Group
rangeMaximurnPreset	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangePanLeftLirnit	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangePanRightLirriit	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangePanHomePosition	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
true North Offset	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangeTiltUpLinnit	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangeTiltDown Limit	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangeZoom Limit	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangeFocusLimit	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangelrisLimit	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangeMinimumPanStepAngle	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
rangeMinimumTiltStepAngle	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
timeoutPan	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
timeoutTilt	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
timeoutZoom	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
timeoutFocus	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
timeoutlris	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelMaxirnum	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelTable	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelEntry	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labellndex	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
label Text	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
label FontType	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelHeight	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelColor	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelStartRow	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelStartColumn	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
label Stat us	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
labelLocationLabel	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
label EnableTextDisplay	NTCIP 1205	mandatory

)

Slide 84:

Learning Objective #4

Example: "Motion Control" Configuration" Conformance Group-Optional

NTCIP 1205, page 4-4

(Extended Text Description: The table shown on the slide is included below. The last column, Conformance Requirement Within the Group, is circled in red:

Object or Table Name	Reference	Conformance Requirement Within the Group
presetGotoPosition	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
presetStorePosition	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
positionPan	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
positionTilt	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
positionZoomLens	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
positionFocusLens	NTCIP 1205	mandatory
position Iris Lens	NTCIP 1205	mandatory

)

If the project user needs, such as Pan-Tilt-Zoom functions are stated, each Mandatory object must be selected.

Slide 85:

Learning Objective #4

Traceability with Conformance Groups

• Traceability is ONLY through CGs in NTCIP 1205 standard

(Extended Text Description: The table shown on the slide is included below. The cell 4.1.1 CCTV Configuration has a yellow arrow pointing to the cell UN 1 Configure CCTV Device:

User Need	Conformance Group	Requirement	Object Support
UN 1 Configure CCTV Device	4.1.1 CCTV Configuration
	4.1.3 Motion Control
Other UNs

)

• In the SEP based standard such as Dynamic Message Sign (DMS) a Protocol Requirement List (PRL) is made available for traceability

Slide 86:

Learning Objective #4

Confirming User Need Traceability

UN 1: Configure a CCTV Device

A TMC operator with access to a management station has a need to retrieve information about the configuration of the CCTV device to properly communicate with the device. The controlling entity may also need to alter the configuration to produce expected operations.

• "CCTV Configuration CG" objects will set the system parameters, so that user-specified Motion Control-PTZ will function properly.

Slide 87:

Learning Objective #4

Interoperability

• Interoperability Issues
  • CCTV systems are remotely accessed and controlled by a management station located at the TMC or other locations
  • To achieve interoperability, agencies must select same user needs and design solutions and use common protocols (compatibility)
  • Legacy platform-analog cameras and digital cameras network control may also present a challenge

Slide 88:

Slide 89:

Learning Objective #4

Which of the following is NOT a true statement related to the NTCIP 1205 CCTV standard?

Answer Choices

1. Supports video formats.
2. All mandatory CGs must be selected for conformance.
3. Extended Functions Conformance Group allows for On-Off of devices remotely.
4. Supports Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) capability for remote control operation.

Slide 90:

Learning Objective #4

Review of answers

a) Supports video formats.
Correct, because standard does not cover the video format standards-but rely on industry-standards.

b) All Mandatory CGs must be selected for conformance.
Incorrect, all mandatory CGs are required to be conformant.

c) Extended Functions Conformance Group allows for On-Off of devices remotely
Incorrect, because this CG does support On-Off control.

d) Supports Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) remote control operation.
Incorrect, standard does support PTZ capability.

Slide 91:

Summary of Learning Objective #4

Evaluate Conformance to the CCTV standard

• NTCIP 1205 four conformance groups, one is made mandatory: CCTV Configuration
• Optional -"Motion Control" CG must be selected by users if they desire PTZ capability
• Features within NTCIP 1205 also depend on selection of some objects from the NTCIP 1201 v03 standard to be conformant

Slide 92:

What We Have Learned

1. CCTV Standard does not provide user needs and user must identify and write them for project specification.
2. User need is the first step towards achieving interoperability and vendor-independence.
3. User needs can be found in the traffic management Concept of Operations _.

Slide 93:

What We Have Learned (cont.)

4. a user need must be uniquely identifiable defines a major desired capability captures a rationale and must be solution-free,
5. NTCIP 1205 standard offers conformance groups which are defined as a grouping of the related objects.
6. NTCIP 1205 CCTV MIB provides Objects for CCTV system design.

Slide 94:

Resources

• Participant Student Supplement
• NTCIP Standards available at www.ntcip.org:
  • NTCIP 1201 v03 Global Object Definitions
  • NTCIP 1205 v01.08 CCTV Camera Control
  • NTCIP 9001: Guide available at www.ntcip.org
• A202: Identifying and Writing User Needs When ITS Standards Do Not Have SEP Content
  www.pcb.its.dot.gov/stds training.aspx

Slide 95:

Slide 96:

Next Course Module

A317b: Understanding Requirements for CCTV Systems Based on NTCIP 1205 Standard

• Explains how to write CCTV System requirements to complete specification process
• Explains how to show the relationship between requirements and the design from the standard
• Discusses communications interface details